theSIGNAL CULTURE
16 July 2026
"War is what happens when language fails to do its work in time."
Culture
Photo: hoylee song / Unsplash
A pile of hand-stapled music fanzines, lovingly produced outside any mainstream publishing house.

Fanzines Are Fighting Algorithm Fatigue

When eighteen-year-old Bristol punk Poppy Lola stapled together the first issue of her fanzine last year, she was reaching, knowingly or not, for a tradition that stretches back to London's ink-smudged Sniffin' Glue and Belfast's Alternative Ulster in the 1970s. Half a century on, music fanzines are flourishing again — in Glasgow, Teesside, West Yorkshire, and beyond — as handmade acts of resistance against algorithmic feeds and an industry that has turned listening into data. "You will almost certainly spend more time with a zine than with anything you scroll past," says West Yorkshire hip-hop musician ExP.…
  • Can an object made by hand ever compete with the speed of social media?
Culture
Photo: Marija Zaric / Unsplash
Richard Dadd's intricate fairy paintings challenge the boundary between madness and artistic genius.

The Artist the Asylum Almost Erased

In the autumn of 1843, the journal Art-Union declared Richard Dadd — then barely thirty, and already confined to Bethlem asylum after murdering his father in a psychotic episode — as good as dead to the art world. The Royal Academy, Dadd's own alma mater, is now staging his first major retrospective in over fifty years, stripping away the asylum's long shadow to reveal a painter of restless, intricate imagination. Co-curator Sylvie Broussine insists that the familiar "before and after" narrative is reductive: his subjects — Shakespeare, fairy worlds, allegory — remained remarkably consistent across decades of confinement.…
  • Can separating an artist's biography from their work ever truly be achieved?
"
"The notional cause for the imminent war with Troy is a pretext — it is a banal commercial contest for trading routes."
Odysseus, as portrayed in Christopher Nolan's film
Culture

Nolan's Odyssey Turns Myth Into Mirror of War's Hidden Wounds

Christopher Nolan's colossal reimagining of the Homeric legend asks whether the soldier who returns home has truly come home at all.

There is a moment in Christopher Nolan's new film when Odysseus — played by Matt Damon, his boyish face reshaped into a careworn mask of grief — tells his wife Penelope, played by Anne Hathaway, that the war he is about to fight has nothing to do with honour or love. The abduction of Helen, he confesses quietly, is a convenient story; the real cause is a banal commercial dispute over trading routes. It is the kind of admission that reframes everything that follows, and Nolan, who has always been drawn to the gap between official narrative and private truth, builds his entire epic around that fault line. The film reconstructs the Odyssey not as a tale of heroic adventure but as an origin myth of postwar disillusion, presided over by capricious gods who intervene on almost equal terms with the humans they torment.

Odysseus's long journey home is rendered as an invisible odyssey of psychological anguish — punctuated by hallucinations, violent flashbacks, and confrontations with what the film treats as the arbitrary deities of dysfunction. It speaks, with remarkable directness, to what we now call PTSD: the recognition that many soldiers return in body long before they return in spirit, if they return in spirit at all. Back in Ithaca, Penelope and their child are suspended in a kind of living grief, unable to move forward through no fault of their own. Cinematographer Hoyte van Hoytema fills the IMAX frame with landscapes of loneliness that feel genuinely vast, deliberately draining the sea of its postcard blues, while Hans Zimmer's drums throb beneath battle sequences of considerable ferocity.

Benny Safdie, as Agamemnon, wears a strange Batman-like helmet throughout, his face almost never visible — a detail that feels both unsettling and precisely right. The Trojan Horse itself is reimagined as something between the Statue of Liberty and Shelley's Ozymandias: a crumbling idol, dragged inside the city walls not as a gift delivered on casters, but as a half-buried object salvaged from the surf by the very people it will destroy. What lingers, though, is the cost paid by one man to make the deception work. Odysseus must betray his own cousin Sinon, played by Elliot Page, in what the film frames as a blood sacrifice for which no victory can ever fully atone.

Photo: Haseeb Jamil / Unsplash
A lone soldier stands at the shoreline as ancient and modern grief converge on a vast, grey sea.
Discuss
  • Why might Nolan choose to reveal the 'true' cause of the Trojan War so early in the story?
  • How does the image of the Trojan Horse being dragged in by its victims change its symbolic meaning?
  • Is it possible for a soldier to fully return home emotionally after experiencing war, or is that an impossible ideal?
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theSIGNAL IN THE LAB
iVOCABULARY
careworncapricious
disillusionferocityreductive
confinementflourishing
iiGRAMMAR FOCUS
Modal verbs — deduction and speculation (must have, cannot have, might have)
Use 'must have' for a logical conclusion about the past, 'cannot have' to express certainty that something did not happen, and 'might have' to suggest a past possibility that is uncertain.
must have · cannot have · might have · known · been · felt · influenced
  1. Nolan ___ the psychological realism of the Odyssey in mind long before casting Matt Damon in the lead role.
  2. Odysseus's admission that the war was really a commercial dispute ___ shocking to audiences who expected a tale of honour.
  3. Penelope ___ easy, suspended in living grief with no certainty about whether her husband would ever return.
  4. Poppy Lola ___ aware of the 1970s fanzine tradition when she stapled together her first issue, but she reached for it instinctively.
  5. The Royal Academy ___ staged a retrospective of Richard Dadd's work sooner, given his importance to Victorian painting.
  6. Dadd's subjects remained so consistent across decades that his asylum years ___ erased his artistic identity entirely.
iiiDEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
Complete each phrase with the correct preposition. All from today's articles.
  1. drawn __ the gap between official narrative and private truth
  2. presided __ __ capricious gods
  3. suspended __ a kind of living grief
  4. confined __ Bethlem asylum
  5. laboured __ __ nine years
ivCRITICAL THINKING
All three articles feature figures — Odysseus, fanzine makers, Richard Dadd — who operate outside or against dominant systems of power and narrative. What do these very different examples suggest about the relationship between marginalisation and creative authenticity? Is suffering or resistance a necessary condition for meaningful art, or is that a dangerous romantic myth?
vCREATIVE · HEADLINES
Write a headline for the top story in each of the following styles. One line each, no explanation:
  • TABLOID NEWSPAPER
  • LUXURY MAGAZINE
  • ACTIVIST BLOG
viWRITING
The fanzine article argues that spending more time with something gives it greater meaning, while Nolan's film suggests that official stories are constructed to hide uncomfortable truths. Using evidence from both articles, write a short argument either defending or challenging the idea that slower, more effortful engagement with culture makes us harder to deceive.
viiDEGREES OF EXTREMITY
Complete each ladder from mild to strong.
  • unhappy→→
  • tired→→
  • noticeable→→
  • old story→→
  • confined→→
  • strange→→
viiiSPEAKING
  1. Does depicting gods as arbitrary figures weaken or strengthen the film's message?
  2. What does a fanzine's physical imperfection communicate that polished content cannot?
  3. How far should curators guide viewers toward a particular reading of difficult art?
  4. Which matters more in storytelling: historical accuracy or emotional truth?