On a rooftop in Tel Aviv, at night, with the city's ordinary lights glittering below, Israeli intelligence officers describe, in calm and technical language, how they helped to build an artificial-intelligence tool that swept for phone signals and recommended apartment buildings in Gaza for air strikes. They admit, without apparent anguish, that they bear some responsibility for thousands of deaths. "My role is technical," one of them says. "I'm just a small cog," offers another.
It is this phrase — so banal, so ancient in its evasions — that the film-makers Rachel Szor and Yuval Abraham have chosen to hold up to the light. NAZA, which is competing for the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival and was produced by the Guardian, is structured around the testimony of 24 anonymised military and intelligence insiders. The title, the audience gradually discovers, is an acronym used within the intelligence service to denote the number of civilians expected to die in a given strike. One source claims that approval was once granted to kill 500 civilians for a single Hamas target.
The Gaza health ministry has reported more than 73,000 deaths over three years of bombardment, the vast majority of them civilian. Abraham and Szor do not linger on the rubble for long; instead, the camera drifts, almost dreamily, through the rush-hour traffic of Tel Aviv, just 44 miles away, where the cinematheque is running a Claude Lanzmann retrospective — a detail that does not feel accidental. The film carries a significant creative pedigree: it was executive produced by Jonathan Glazer, the director of The Zone of Interest, whose influence can be felt in the film's structural insistence on proximity and normalcy as forms of horror. Szor and Abraham previously won an Oscar for No Other Land, which offered, as Abraham puts it, "some light to latch on to.
" This new film refuses that comfort entirely.