Discourse markers & cohesion

Article excerpt · target grammar marked

Ireland's housing statistics are striking. In 1991, nearly 80% of households owned their home. Today, that figure has fallen to 66%. What is more, fewer than one in three thirty-year-olds now own property.

Grammar Reference · Discourse markers & cohesion

Additive: moreover

Adds a stronger supporting point. Rents rose sharply. Moreover, evictions increased significantly.

Concession:

Acknowledges a point, then contrasts it. Wages grew; nevertheless, buyers were priced out.

Cause-effect: as a

Signals a direct consequence. As a result of policy failures, social housing declined.

Common error: despite

Despite they tried ✗ → Despite trying ✓ — despite takes a noun phrase, not a clause.

01Exercise 1 — Form · Write the Correct Form

Discourse markers & cohesion

1.Rents climbed by 90%. , wages only rose by 27% in the same period.

2. the rent cap, prices in Dublin continued to rise sharply.

3.The eviction ban lapsed in 2023. , thousands of notices were immediately issued.

4.Investment funds bought 58% of new homes. , ordinary buyers were locked out of the market.

5. the crisis has deep roots, it has worsened dramatically since 2015.

6.Many landlords converted flats to short-term lets. , long-term rental supply fell sharply.

02Exercise 2 — Transform

rewrite with the new structure

1.The government did not build enough homes. House prices rose dramatically.

2.Rents increased by 60% in Ireland. The eurozone average was only 13%.

3.The eviction ban expired. Thousands of households received termination notices.

4.There was record economic growth in Ireland. Most young people could not buy a home.

03Exercise 3 — About You

in your notebook

Personalise: complete five sentences about yourself using the target grammar.

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