A fast-moving Ebola outbreak in eastern Congo has become the third largest on record, overwhelming responders battling a strain without vaccines.
What began as a cluster of unexplained deaths among health workers in the city of Bunia has mushroomed into one of the most alarming Ebola events in recorded history. Within days of being formally identified, the outbreak centred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo's Ituri province has recorded nearly 750 cases, 177 deaths, and approximately 1,400 contacts now under active surveillance — figures that the World Health Organization confirmed at a press briefing on Friday.
The WHO has sharply upgraded its assessment of the danger, raising the national risk level from "high" to "very high." Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus was unambiguous: the outbreak is still "spreading rapidly," and officials freely acknowledge that a detection lag allowed the virus to take hold before any coordinated response could begin. The earliest suspected case — a health worker who fell ill on April 24 — went unrecognised for nearly two weeks before WHO received word of a deadly, unidentified cluster on May 5.
By the time a WHO team reached Ituri, 80 cases had already accumulated. Dr. Anne Ancia, the WHO's representative on the ground, described arriving to find the virus "already rampant and silently disseminating for a few weeks." She acknowledged the grim arithmetic: case numbers will continue to climb until the full response infrastructure is in place. "Now we are sprinting behind the virus," she said, capturing the urgency felt across the global health community.
The outbreak's particular complexity stems from the pathogen itself. The culprit is the Bundibugyo strain of Ebola virus — far less common than the Zaire strain that devastated West Africa in 2014–16 — and crucially, no approved vaccine or therapeutic exists for it. That leaves health workers reliant on isolation, contact tracing, and active case-finding in a region already fractured by armed conflict, mass population displacement, crumbling health infrastructure, and acute food insecurity affecting millions.