Temperatures across India and Pakistan have surged far beyond seasonal norms, in ways that scientists say are increasingly unavoidable.
For weeks now, a heat of unusual persistence and intensity has settled across much of the Indian subcontinent. Daily maximum temperatures have exceeded 46°C in numerous locations, with some areas recorded at between five and eight degrees above what would normally be expected at this time of year. Although the period before the monsoon is always the hottest stretch of the South Asian calendar, meteorologists and climate scientists have been clear that what is unfolding this year is something qualitatively different from the seasonal discomfort to which hundreds of millions of people have long adapted.
The immediate cause is understood to be a pattern of sustained high-pressure weather systems that have remained unusually stationary over the region since mid-April.…