Discourse Markers & Linkers

Article excerpt · target grammar marked

The numbers, frankly, are startling. Nevertheless, those that have survived have done so by evolving. In other words, the pub is less a business than a social technology.

Grammar Reference · Discourse Markers & Linkers

Contrast: nevertheless

Use nevertheless to introduce a strong contrast after a negative point. Formal register. Costs rose sharply; nevertheless, the pub survived.

Addition: furthermore

Use furthermore to add a point of equal or greater weight. Written/formal. The music is excellent; furthermore, entry is free.

Concession: while /

While + clause; despite + noun phrase. While numbers fell, survivors adapted. Despite falling numbers, survivors adapted.

Common error

Despite costs are rising ✗ → Despite rising costs ✓ — despite is always followed by a noun phrase, never a clause.

01Exercise 1 — Form · Write the Correct Form

Discourse Markers & Linkers

1.The pub lost money last year. , the owners refused to sell.

2.The music draws tourists. , it keeps the local community connected.

3. the controversy, The Cobblestone remained open.

4. prices are rising, many regulars refuse to leave.

5.The pub collapses social hierarchy; , it functions as neutral ground.

6. hand, new menus attract younger drinkers; ... the other, older patrons feel excluded.

02Exercise 2 — Transform

rewrite with the new structure

1.Although the pub is struggling, it remains central to community life.

2.The sessions are popular. They also preserve traditional music.

3.In spite of the high prices, loyal customers keep returning.

4.The pub creates neutral social ground. That is why its loss matters so much.

03Exercise 3 — About You

in your notebook

Personalise: complete five sentences about yourself using the target grammar.

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