Discourse markers

Article excerpt · target grammar marked

The project was not simply an exercise in creative renovation. Despite the low budget, McGuire produced a space that local businesses praised. As a result, footfall on Dublin Street increased.

Grammar Reference · Discourse markers

Sequencing narrative

Use initially, subsequently, eventually to signal steps. Initially the street was derelict; subsequently it attracted new visitors.

Concession

Use despite + noun phrase for contrast. Despite the low budget, the café looks professional. Never 'despite of'.

Result / consequence

Use as a result, consequently, therefore for outcomes. McGuire had construction skills; consequently, he renovated it himself.

Common error

'Despite' is NOT followed by 'of'. Despite of the cost ✗ → Despite the cost ✓. Also: avoid starting every sentence with 'However'.

01Exercise 1 — Form · Write the Correct Form

Discourse markers

1.The building was empty for forty years. , McGuire saw its potential.

2. working full-time, the family could not find accommodation.

3.He found sewing machines in the building; , he turned them into lights.

4.The street had a poor reputation; , new businesses moved in.

5.McGuire had years of construction experience; , he did the work himself.

6. the renovation was complete, footfall on the street increased noticeably.

02Exercise 2 — Transform

rewrite with the new structure

1.The material cost was almost zero. The café looks professional.

2.McGuire worked hard for months. He finished the renovation alone.

3.The street had a poor reputation. New visitors started to arrive.

4.The council could not help immediately. The family found a home later.

03Exercise 3 — About You

in your notebook

Personalise: complete five sentences about yourself using the target grammar.

Discourse markers01classplan.ai