Cause & Effect Language — Reading the Room: The PESTLE Framework
Grammar: Cause and effect language
Free ESL grammar exercise on cause & effect language themed around reading the room: the pestle framework. Printable worksheet from classplan.ai.
What's on this worksheet
A Business English ESL grammar exercise on business, practising cause and effect language. The worksheet has a short reading excerpt, a grammar reference and graded practice items.
From the reading
The US imposed tariffs on Chinese electronics in 2018, forcing companies such as Apple to reconsider their supplier base. Rising interest rates caused many retailers to delay store expansion.
Grammar: Cause and Effect Language
- Cause → Effect (verb)
- Use cause, lead to, prompt, compel, force to connect a cause to its result. The tariffs led to a supplier review.
- Effect ← Cause (prep
- Use due to, because of, as a result of to introduce the cause after the effect. IKEA changed due to investor pressure.
Sample items
- The new regulation ______ companies to change their data storage practices immediately.
- A sharp rise in raw material costs ______ to a 15% increase in retail prices.
- The company delayed its expansion ______ rising interest rates across the region.
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